全球教育展望

儿童在学习汉字书写和运用中出现错字和别字是普遍现象,如何降低错别字率一直是小学语文课程关注的重要问题。信息技术环境下小学语文课程的探索为解决这一问题提供了新的思路:低年级较大的汉字认读量有助于儿童较早成为高识字能力的学习者;认读与书写各行其道,可使大量书写在儿童具有明确汉字规则意识后进行;识字教学内容注重汉字本体特征,可以从汉字图式建构伊始就防患于未然;大量阅读与写作可给予儿童更多在用字中识字的机会,促进书写内容的语境化,有利于字形和音义联结的建立。这一个案经验启示我们:识字教学内容应符合汉字本体特征和儿童认知特点、认读量与书写量之间应保持合理的距离、识字宜在用字中进行,错别字问题的解决应立足于建设合理的课程形态。

Producing wrongly characters is a common phenomenon when children learn Chinese characters. It has always been an issue on Chinese curriculum in primary school that how to reduce the rate of wrongly character. IT- based experimental Chinese curriculum in primary school shows that reasonable curriculum pattern can be effective preventing children from producing wrongly characters.Reading characters large quantity can help low grade students earlier to show proficiency. Children with a clear rules consciousness write large number of Chinese characters because reading and writing characters flow separately. It can construct Chinese characters schema to nip in the bud that teaching content pays attention to Chinese characters' characteristics of ontology to establish three links of sound, font and literal meaning. Children have more opportunity to learn characters in a lot of reading and writing which promote the writing content contextualization, and be helpful for connection of font,phonetic and semantic. This case tells us: solving wrongly character problem should be based on the construction of a reasonable curriculum pattern.