全球教育展望

研制基于核心素养的课程标准已成为国际潮流。国际课程标准研制经验表明,学生核心素养与学科课程存在两种基本关系:一是每门学科课程都承担起学生核心素养的培养责任,二是不同学科对学生核心素养有着不同的独特贡献;学生核心素养转化为课程标准基本遵循学生核心素养——学科核心素养——内容标准的思路;从课程标准的编排角度看,它包括纵向上分年级与跨年级编排方式、横向上表现水平与案例式编排方式;在组织架构与研制流程上,课程标准研制是在政府主持下由教育专业部门或学术机构负责,由计划、撰写、实施、完善四个阶段构成。这些国际经验对于我国课程标准研制有着诸多重大启示。

Nowadays it is an international trend to develop curriculum standards based on key competencies. The experience of international curriculum standards development indicates that there are two essential relations between key competencies and subject curriculums. That is, all subject curriculums have to assume the responsibility of cultivating key competencies and each of them has to have its unique contribution to key competencies; The transition from key competencies to curriculum standards basically follow the idea of key competencies — subject key competencies — content standards; The design models of curriculum standards can be roughly classified into longitudinal model, which can be further divided into by- grade and cross- grade patterns, and horizontal model,which can be further divided into performance level and example patterns; In the aspect of organizational structure and development process, a professional department or academic institution under the auspices of government is responsible for curriculum standards development, which includes four stages of planning, compilation, implementation and improvement. Those findings mentioned above will benefit Chinese curriculum standards development significantly.