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美国实用主义哲学家、教育家约翰·杜威在芝加哥实验学校进行了为期八年的教育实验,主导实验的教育理论要义在于实践判断学说、价值规范学说和人性价值学说,并提出与之密切关联的三个设计。实践判断学说强调的是学生在具体情境中合逻辑、合目的-手段、合价值的行为;价值规范学说强调的是学生对价值标准规范性的反思性认同,尤其是对社会价值标准规范性的认同;人性价值学说强调的是以价值驱动的学生道德养成的自我证成。杜威教育思想的核心观点引导了这场教育实验从设计到实践的全过程,即便在这场以“以儿童为中心”闻名于世的教育改革运动中,学校与教育依然掌握着主动性。
Abstract:John Dewey, an American pragmatic philosopher and educator, implemented an eight-year educational experiment at the University of Chicago Laboratory Schools. The essence of Dewey's experiment was rooted in the theories of practical judgment, value norms, and human nature. Furthermore, Dewey proposed three educational experimental designs closely related to these theories. Practical judgment emphasizes students' logical behavior that align with their purposes and values in specific situations. Value norms emphasize students' reflective identification with the norms of value standards, especially with the norms of social value standards. The theory of human nature emphasizes the self-justification of students' moral cultivation driven by value. The above core notions of Dewey's value education have guided the entire process from educational experimental design to educational practice at the University of Chicago Laboratory Schools. However, even in this world-famous “child-centered” educational reform movement, schools and education still have the upper hand.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:G40-09
引用信息:
[1]章文.杜威教育思想的三个核心观点与杜威学校的实验设计[J].全球教育展望,2025,54(08):92-103.
基金信息:
2013年度国家社会科学基金重大项目“生命伦理的道德形态学研究”(项目编号:13&ZD066)的研究成果
2025-08-15
2025-08-15