全球教育展望

学习是学生认知过程、情感过程和意志过程共同参与的完整的心理活动，指向发展的学习活动需要学生意志的充分参与。学习意志是学习者基于价值澄清、意义确认和目标驱动，整合利用资源，克服困难并自觉能动地表现和调节学习行为的内在心理过程和活动机制，包括价值澄清、目标确认、韧性行动、自主实践、反思评价等内部活动及其相应的发生机制，为学生学习过程中的认知活动、情感活动提供了动力基础。教师应注重引导学生：提高学习的意义感，澄清学习活动的价值与目标；丰富学习意志投入以诊断学习过程中的问题和障碍，克服学习困难；积极自我反思评价以充分发挥学习意志的自我调节功能。

Learning is a whole psychological activity in which students' cognitive, emotional process, and volition process all work together. The full participation of students' volition is required for development-oriented learning activities, and learning volition is an inner psychological process and activity mechanism of learning. Learning volition based on students' value clarification, significance confirmation and goal-driven, which integrated use of supporting resources and environment to overcome difficulties and engage in active learning activities. It includes value clarification, target recognition, resilient action, independent practice, assessment of reflection, and internal activities, as well as the corresponding mechanism, which provides the cognitive process and emotional activities with a dynamic basis. Teachers should focus on guiding students: improving perception of learning's significance and clarifying the value and goal of learning activities; enriching students' learning volition so that they can identify the problems and obstacles in the learning process and overcome learning difficulties; promoting their self-reflection and evaluation positively to maximize the self-regulation function of students' learning volition.