全球教育展望

课堂教学是人才培养的主要抓手，课堂教学评价的有效性直接关系着教育高质量发展和创新型人才队伍的建设。创新人才培养导向下的新型课堂教学情境多元且交互复杂，为了实现课堂教学质量的精准、高效评价，本研究借助人工智能技术从创新人才培养的实际需求出发开展课堂教学的智能评价，阐明该方向的必要性并提出融合发展的推进路径。具体而言，第一，面向创新人才培养目标构建课堂教学评测体系，这是开展智能课堂教学评价的基础；第二，开展课堂教学的细粒度特征识别与深层语义提取研究，采用生成式人工智能的重要技术范式——检索增强生成技术，以实现精准评价，增强评价的可解释性；第三，开展多情境课堂教学样态的模式建构与过程性评价研究，突破碎片化表征课堂的局限，发展“知识点—思维能力—创新应用”三位一体智能课堂教学评价模式。本研究旨在推动课堂教学评价效率和效能的大幅提升，使得规模化、个性化、高精度的过程性评价成为可能。研究有助于创建适应新时代人才培养的优质课堂，为提高我国基础教育教学水平和人才培养质量提供可循证的实践依据和解决策略。

Classroom teaching is the primary grip for cultivating talents, and the effectiveness of classroom teaching evaluation directly relates to the high-quality development of education and the construction of a team of innovative talents. Under the orientation of cultivating innovative talents, the new classroom teaching situations are diverse and interact in complex ways. To achieve precise and efficient evaluation of classroom teaching quality, this study employs artificial intelligence technology to conduct intelligent evaluation of classroom teaching based on the actual needs of cultivating innovative talents, clarifying the necessity of this direction and proposing a path for integrated development. Specifically, we first construct an evaluation system for classroom teaching aimed at the goals of cultivating innovative talents, which is the foundation for carrying out intelligent classroom teaching evaluation. Second, we conduct research on the fine-grained feature identification and deep semantic extraction of classroom teaching, using retrieval augmented generation technology to achieve accurate evaluation and enhance the interpretability of the evaluation. Third, we carry out research on the construction of multi-situation classroom teaching patterns and procedural evaluation, breaking through the limitations of fragmented classroom representation and developing a trinity intelligent classroom teaching evaluation model that integrates “knowledge points — thinking abilities — innovative application.” This study aims to significantly improve the efficiency and effectiveness of classroom teaching evaluation, making large-scale, personalized, and high-precision teaching.