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在职普融通背景下,探讨职业教育的选择动机具有现实意义。劳动力市场分割造成的就业差异是家长“趋普避职”的关键因素。通过对全国东、中、西部11个省市中学生家长的调查发现,71.66%的家长不愿选择职业教育,而职业教育的就业预期对家长的选择影响最为显著。具体而言,家长对职业教育的就业预期越悲观,选择职业教育的可能性越低。在就业偏好上,家长尤为重视工作环境和职业发展机会。若职业教育无法提供这些条件,家长更倾向于选择普通教育。子女学业成绩、政策因素、社会因素和教育期望等也显著影响家长的教育选择。为此,应提升职业教育的就业前景与发展空间,打破学历与职业地位的固有联系,促进劳动力市场转型,实施高技能人才支持政策,保障职业院校学生的职业发展,从而推动教育选择的多元化和合理化。
Abstract:In the context of integrating vocational and general education, it is essential to examine the motivations behind choosing this educational pathway. One key factor influencing parents' preferrence for general education over vocational education is the segmentation of the labor market, causing employment disparities. A survey conducted among parents of secondary school students accross 11 provinces and cities in China's eastern, central, and western regions revealed that 71.66% of parents were unwilling to consider vocational education for their children, with employment expectations being the most significant factor influencing their decision. Specifically, the more pessimistic parents were about the employment prospects of vocational education, the less likely they were to choose it. In terms of employment preferences, parents placed particular emphasis on the work environment and career advancement opportunities. If vocational education fails to provide these conditions, parents are more inclined to opt for general education. Other factors, such as children's academic performance, policy influences, social factors, and educational expectations, also played a significant role in impacting their choices. To address these concerns, it is crucial to improve the employment prospects and career development opportunities in vocational education. This includes dismantling the link between academic credentials and occupational status, promoting labor market transformation, implementing policies that support highly skilled professionals, and ensuring the career advancement of vocational schoool students. Such measures will help foster a more diverse and rational landscape for educational choices.
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基本信息:
DOI:
中图分类号:G78
引用信息:
[1]余韵.“趋普避职”:家长教育选择动机的实证研究——基于劳动力市场分割视角[J].全球教育展望,2025,54(04):55-72.
基金信息:
2022年度国家社会科学基金教育学重大课题“技能型社会测度模型、驱动因素及路径优化研究”(项目编号:VJA220006)的阶段性成果之一