幼儿园方案教学的基本特征与实施策略Basic Characteristics and Implementation Strategies of Project Approach in Kindergartens
谢梦雪,陈时见
摘要(Abstract):
幼儿园方案教学对于促进幼儿成长、提升幼儿园教育专业品质具有重要意义。为此,应当根据幼儿兴趣和发展需要设计主题,组织幼儿围绕主题进行自主探索活动。特别是,要体现课程主题的多样性、课程内容的生成性、教学过程的记录性和活动环境的审美性等基本特征,重视转变非此即彼的教育观念、统整基于主题的教育资源、建立言之有物的师幼关系、构筑小组合作的组织形态等实施策略。
关键词(KeyWords): 幼儿教育;方案教学;课程模式
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Author): 谢梦雪,陈时见
参考文献(References):
- [1]Katz,L.G.&Chard,S.C.Engaging Children's Minds:The Project Approach(2nd ed.)[M].Stamford,CT:Ablex Publishing,1999:1.
- [2]Knoll,Micheal.The Project Method:Its Vocational Educational Origin and International Development[J].Journal of Industrial Teacher Education,1997(3):61-62.
- [3]Dewey,J.The School and Society[M].New York:Dover Publications Inc.,1988:92.
- [4]Apel,H.J.&Knoll,M.Aus Projekten Lernen[Learning through projects][M].Munich:Oldenburg Schulbuchverlag,2001:38.
- [5]Kilpatrick,W.H.The Project Method[J].Teachers College Record,1918(19):319-335.
- [6]Marietta,Johnson.Organic Education:Teaching without Failure[M].Fairhope:Marietta Johnson Museum of Organic Education,1996:55.
- [7]Adams,C.F.The New Departure in the Common Schools of Quincy and Other Papers on Educational Topics[M].Boston:Estes and Lauriat,1881:43.
- [8]Hauser,M.E.Learning from Children:The Life and Legacy of Caroline Pratt[M].New York:Peter Lang,2006:63.
- [9]Pratt,C.I Learn From Children[M].New York:Harper&Row,1990:40.
- [10][意]马拉古兹,等.孩子的一百种语言[M].张军红,陈秦月,叶秀香,译.台北:光佑文化视野股份有限公司,2000:39.
- [11]Jones,E.&Nimmo,J.Emergent Curriculum[M].Washington,D.C.:National Association for the Education of Young Children,1994:127.
- [12]Blumenfeld,P.,Soloway,E.,Marx,R.,Krajcik,J.,Guzdial,M.&Palincsar,A.Motivating ProjectBased Learning:Sustaining the Doing,Supporting the Learning[J].Educational Psychologist,1991(26):369-371.
- [13]Fleet,A.&Robertson,J.Unpacking educational:Visions from Reggio Emilia,Australia,Sweden,Denmark and the United States.A selection of papers presented at the conference[J].Classroom Design,1998(37):19-22.
- [14]Peters,R.S.Ethics and Education[M].London:George Allen and Unwin Ltd.,1966:118.
- [15]Reggio Emilia Municipal Government.Statute del Comune di Reggio Nell'Emilia[EB/OL].http://www.municipio.re.it/,20l2.2012-2-9/2017-7-20.
- [16]Kevin,Daniel Rossiter.John Dewey Laboratory School Experiment—A Philosopher's Statement on the Communal Democratic Ideal[D].St.Louis:University of Missiouri,2002:108.