杜威探究理论质疑——西方学者的视角Query of Dewey's Inquiry Theory——Western Scholar's Perspective
徐学福,徐飞
摘要(Abstract)：
美国教育家杜威的探究理论影响大、评价多,西方学者主要从三个方面提出质疑与批评。他们认为,从探究与科学的关系来看,杜威的探究理论存在科学主义倾向而忽视其他认识方式;从探究与经验的关系来看,存在常识性探究、形而上学立场和违反科学规范;从探究与社会的关系来看,存在理性主义倾向、贬低权威和公众被边缘化。了解这些批评有助于我们深入认识杜威的探究思想,进而反思和改进我们自己的探究教学理论与实践。
关键词(KeyWords)： 杜威;探究;批评
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Author): 徐学福,徐飞
参考文献(References)：
- [1]胡森.国际教育百科全书(第三卷)[M].贵阳:贵州教育出版社,1990:135.
- [2][5][美]杜威.杜威全集(中期著作·第六卷)[M].王路,马明辉,周小华,等,译.上海:华东师范大学出版社,2013:185,59.
- [3][4][8][美]杜威.民主义与教育[M].王承绪,译.北京:人民教育出版社,1990:232,184.
- [6][7][22]John Dewey.Logic:The Theory of Inquiry[M].Carbondale and Edwardsville:Southern Illinois University Press,1938:102,491,104-105.
- [9][美]杜威.哲学的改造[M].张颖,译.西安:陕西人民出版社,2004:29.
- [10][27]H.O.Mounce.The Two Pragmatism:From Pierce to Rorty[M].London:Routledge,1997:145,173.
- [11][12]E.D.Hirsch.The Schools We Need and Why We Don’t Have Them[M].New York:Doubleday,1996:74,184.
- [13][15][16]Israel Scheffler.Reason and Teaching[M].New York:Bobbs-Merrill,1973:130,253,133.
- [14]Israel Scheffler.Four Pragmatists[M].New York:Routledge and Kegan Paul,1974:252.
- [17][18][19][20][25][26][28][美]杜威.经验与自然[M].傅统先,译.南京:江苏教育出版社,2005:3,1,228,242,7,243,267.
- [21]Sidney Morgenbessrr.Dewey and His Critics:Essays from the Journal of Philosophy[M].New York:The Journal of Philosophy,Inc,1977:246.
- [23][24]Paul Xchippp,Hana Louis.The Philosophy of John Dewey[M].New York:Open Court Press,1989:153,154.
- [29][30]Rorty Richard.Consequences of Pragmatism[M].Minneapolis:University of Minnesota Press,1982:82,85.
- [31][32][美]杜威.自由与文化[M].傅统先,译.北京:商务印书馆,2013:126,127.
- [33][英]罗素.西方哲学史(下卷)[M].马元德,译.北京:商务印书馆,1996:440-441.
- [34][35][36]John Patrick Diggins.The Promise of Pragmatism:Modernism and Crisis of Knowledge and Authority[M].Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1994.206,221,234.
- [37][38]Morris Dickstein.The Revival of Pragmatism:New Essays on Social Thought,Law,and Culture[M].Durhan:Duke University Press,1998:206,209.
- [39][40][41][42][43]Karier Clarence.Roots of Crisis:American Education in the Twentieth Century[M].New York:Rand Mcnally,1973.89,101,99,29,83.